Translated:Constitution of the Republic of Guinea-BissauChapter 1 From fundamentals to objectivesArticle 2: The Guinea-Bissau National Flag shall consist of three stripes bands with the same surface, one being red arranged vertically and marked with a black star. The other two are arranged horizontally, the upper one being yellow and the lower one being green.The National Anthem of Guinea-Bissau is This is Our Beloved Country. Guinea-Bissau's currency is Unity, Struggle, Progress.The second constitution of the Republic of Guinea Bissau dates from 16 May 1984. Chapter 1, Article 22 describes the national symbols as follows:Constituição da República da Guiné-BissauTítulo I Princípios fundamentais Da natureza e fundamentos do Estado Artigo 22º:1. Os símbolos nacionais da República da Guiné-Bissau são a Bandeira, as Armas e o Hino.2. A Bandeira Nacional da República da Guiné-Bissau é formada por três faixas rectangulares, de cor vermelha, em posição vertical, e amarela e verde, em posição horizontal, respectivamente do lado superior e do lado inferior direitos. A faixa vermelha é marcada com uma estrela negra de cinco pontas.3. As Armas da República da Guiné-Bissau consistem em duas palmas dispostas em círculo, unidas pela base, onde assenta uma concha amarela, e ligadas por uma fita em que se inscreve o lema «UNIDADE LUTA PROGRESSO». Na parte central superior insere-se uma estrela negra de cinco pontas.

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Yellow over green bicolour with red vertical stripe at hoist containing a black five-pointed star. Željko Heimer, 23 Oct 2001

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Translated:Constitution of the Republic of Guinea-BissauTitle I Fundamental principles Of the nature and fundamentals of the State Article 22: 1. The national symbols of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau are the Flag, the Arms and the Anthem.2. The National Flag of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau is formed by three rectangular bands, red, in a vertical position, and yellow and green, in a horizontal position, respectively on the upper and lower right sides. The red band is marked with a black five-pointed star.3. The Arms of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau consist of two palms arranged in a circle, joined by the base, on which a yellow shell rests, and connected by a ribbon inscribed with the motto “UNIT LUTA PROGRESSO”. A black five-pointed star is inserted in the upper central part.As far as I am aware there is no further legislation into the national symbols. Only the Penal Law from 13 October, 1993 protects them against wrong use. It was published in : Boletim oficial, Suplemento, nº 41, 13 October, 1993. It reads:Decreto-Lei nº 4/93, de 13 de Outubro. Código PenalTítulo VII - Dos crimes contra a seguranca do Estado Artigo 224º: (Ultraje de símbolos nacionais)Quem, publicamente, por palavras, gestos ou divulgações de escrito, ou por outro meio de comunicação com público, ultrajar a República, a bandeira ou hino nacional, as armas ou emblemas da soberania guineense ou faltar ao respeito que lhe é devido, é punido com prisão até três anos.

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I should say that some of these colors seem to me to be just too dark: PMS 032, for one, is British red, which is known to be darker than regular red, while PMS 109 is suitable for the national flag of Germany, knowingly “darker” than regular yellow. The green stripe of the national flag of Guinea-Bissau is noticeably brighter than the the green areas of the national flags of Brazil and Portugal (these three flags are easy to find flown along in coherent displays), which are known to be prescribed as dark green — so, PMS 355 seems okay. António Martins, 20 March 2017

The protocol manual for the London 2012 Olympics [loc12], with info approved by each NOC, gives for Cape Verde a vertical flag that is simply the horizontal version turned 90 degrees clockwise. Ian Sumner, 10 Oct 2012

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The Album 2000 [pay00] says ≅1:2. The construction details are given, but since the overall ratio is approximate, the construction details are inevitably so. The two horizontal stripes are of the same size, of course, and the width of the vertical stripe is one third of the total length. The star appears to be inscribed in a circle with the center in the midpoint of the red stripe and of diameter equal to two units used on the scheme (i.e. 1/3 of hoist). Željko Heimer, 23 Oct 2001

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Other sources for colors:There is no official source that gives exact colors of the national flag; these are all approximate colors from these documented sources.The Flag Manual - Beijing 2008 gives Pantone colors: PMS 032 (red), PMS 355 (green), PMS 102 (yellow), and PMS Black.The Album des Pavillons 2000 [pay00] gives approximate color in Pantone and CMYK systems:Red: Pantone 186c, CMYK 0-90-80-5Yellow: Pantone 116c, CMYK 0-15-95-0Green: Pantone 355c, CMYK 100-0-90-0The Album des Pavillons 2023 already specifies the color of the flags in three color systems.Red: Pantone 186c, CMYK 14-100-79-4, RGB 200-16-46Yellow: Pantone 116c, CMYK 0-21-93-0, RGB 255-204-0Green: Pantone 355c, CMYK 84-12-100-1, RGB 0-149-48 Vexilla Mundi gives colors in Pantone system: PMS 116C (yellow), PMS 355C (green), PMS 186C (red), and PMS Black.Wikipedia gives color values as follows:Black: Pantone Black c, CMYK 0-0-0-1, RGB 0-0-0, Hex #000000Red: Pantone 032c, CMYK 0-0.92-0.82-0.19, RGB 206-17-38, Hex #CE1126Yellow: Pantone 109c, CMYK 0-0.17-0.91-0.01, RGB 252-209-22, Hex #FCD116Green: Pantone 355c, CMYK 1-0-0.54-0.38, RGB 0-158-73, Hex #009E49 Flag Color Codes gives the following color values: Red: Hex. # EF3340, RGB 239-51-64, CMYK 0-90-76-0, Pantone 032, RAL 3024 Yellow: Hex. # FFD100, RGB 255-209-0, CMYK 0-5-100-0, Pantone 109, RAL 2007 Green: Hex. # 009739, RGB 0-151-57, CMYK 93-0-100-0, Pantone 355, RAL 6037 Black: Hex. # 000000, RGB 0-0-0, CMYK 0-0-0-100, Pantone Black, RAL 9005

The Presidency website has a page about national symbols with illustrations: https://www.presidencia.gw/sobre-a-guin%C3%A9-bissau-1 I haven’t found any governmental document about exact shade of colors.Zoltan Horvath, 9 June 2024

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Fiji is quite isolated on the globe as the nearest country is Tonga at 744 km, Wallis and Futuna at 788 km and Tuvalu at 1067 km. New Zealand is about 2595 km from Fiji while the Australian coast is 4637 km away. Fiji is a former British colony that gained independence in 1970, when the country adopted its national flag, a rectangular flag of the size ½.

I suspect that there’s not really a fixed prescription and the only care is to have all flags (identical or not) turned to the same direction — this is especially relevant when said vertical hoisting (hanging) is done from a stretched rope or wire, not against/on a wall, and can thusly be seen from both sides (and this is, in my opinion, the proper, vexillologically informed way to deal with vertical hoisting at all). António Martins, 20 Mar 2017

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See also: Variants and incorrect depictions of the national flag of Guinea Bissau Subnational flags Military flags Political flags Historical flags About the flag Yellow over green bicolour with red vertical stripe at hoist containing a black five-pointed star. Željko Heimer, 23 Oct 2001 The symbolism of this flag is inherited from the symbolism of Ghana, from which it comes: an arrangement of the pan-African colours with the black star of Africa added. Its proportions are, as in the party flag, 1:2. Jorge Candeias, 02 Nov 1999 Construction details image by Željko Heimer, 23 Oct 2001 The Album 2000 [pay00] says ≅1:2. The construction details are given, but since the overall ratio is approximate, the construction details are inevitably so. The two horizontal stripes are of the same size, of course, and the width of the vertical stripe is one third of the total length. The star appears to be inscribed in a circle with the center in the midpoint of the red stripe and of diameter equal to two units used on the scheme (i.e. 1/3 of hoist). Željko Heimer, 23 Oct 2001 I read somewhere in the 1st constitution of Guinea Bissau (or maybe in the Statutes of P.A.I.G.C.) that the three areas of the flag are to have the same area, saying nothing about the final ratio of the flag — therefore a, say, 2:3 ratio might be not really a mistaken depiction. António Martins, 26 Jul 2009 Colors The protocol manual for the London 2012 Olympics [loc12], with info approved by each NOC, gives for Guinea-Bissau PMS 032 red, 109 yellow, 355 green and black. Ian Sumner, 11 October 2012 I should say that some of these colors seem to me to be just too dark: PMS 032, for one, is British red, which is known to be darker than regular red, while PMS 109 is suitable for the national flag of Germany, knowingly “darker” than regular yellow. The green stripe of the national flag of Guinea-Bissau is noticeably brighter than the the green areas of the national flags of Brazil and Portugal (these three flags are easy to find flown along in coherent displays), which are known to be prescribed as dark green — so, PMS 355 seems okay. António Martins, 20 March 2017 The Presidency website has a page about national symbols with illustrations: https://www.presidencia.gw/sobre-a-guin%C3%A9-bissau-1 I haven’t found any governmental document about exact shade of colors.Zoltan Horvath, 9 June 2024 Other sources for colors:There is no official source that gives exact colors of the national flag; these are all approximate colors from these documented sources.The Flag Manual - Beijing 2008 gives Pantone colors: PMS 032 (red), PMS 355 (green), PMS 102 (yellow), and PMS Black.The Album des Pavillons 2000 [pay00] gives approximate color in Pantone and CMYK systems:Red: Pantone 186c, CMYK 0-90-80-5Yellow: Pantone 116c, CMYK 0-15-95-0Green: Pantone 355c, CMYK 100-0-90-0The Album des Pavillons 2023 already specifies the color of the flags in three color systems.Red: Pantone 186c, CMYK 14-100-79-4, RGB 200-16-46Yellow: Pantone 116c, CMYK 0-21-93-0, RGB 255-204-0Green: Pantone 355c, CMYK 84-12-100-1, RGB 0-149-48 Vexilla Mundi gives colors in Pantone system: PMS 116C (yellow), PMS 355C (green), PMS 186C (red), and PMS Black.Wikipedia gives color values as follows:Black: Pantone Black c, CMYK 0-0-0-1, RGB 0-0-0, Hex #000000Red: Pantone 032c, CMYK 0-0.92-0.82-0.19, RGB 206-17-38, Hex #CE1126Yellow: Pantone 109c, CMYK 0-0.17-0.91-0.01, RGB 252-209-22, Hex #FCD116Green: Pantone 355c, CMYK 1-0-0.54-0.38, RGB 0-158-73, Hex #009E49 Flag Color Codes gives the following color values: Red: Hex. # EF3340, RGB 239-51-64, CMYK 0-90-76-0, Pantone 032, RAL 3024 Yellow: Hex. # FFD100, RGB 255-209-0, CMYK 0-5-100-0, Pantone 109, RAL 2007 Green: Hex. # 009739, RGB 0-151-57, CMYK 93-0-100-0, Pantone 355, RAL 6037 Black: Hex. # 000000, RGB 0-0-0, CMYK 0-0-0-100, Pantone Black, RAL 9005 Zoltan Horvath, 9 June 2024 Adoption of flag The Independence of Guinea Bissau was proclaimed by the National Assembly, which was basically appointed by the Partido Africano para a Independência da Guiné e Cabo-Verde (PAIGC), the independence party which not only fought for independence from Portugal for Guinea Bissau from Portugal, but also for Cape Verde (Cabo Verde).The same day [23 September 1973] as the proclamation of independence, the National Assembly proclaimed the (first) Constitution of the Republic of Guinea Bissau. It was published in the very first edition of the Boletim official República da Guiné-Bissau, (Government Gazette), of 4 January 1975. Chapter 1, Article 2 describes the flag and other symbols as follows: Constituição da República da Guiné-BissauCapítulo 1 Dos fundamentos o objectivos Artigo 2º: A Bandeira Nacional da Guiné-Bissau é constituída por três bandas com a mesma superfície, sendo uma vermelha disposta verticalmente e marcada com uma estrela negra. As outras duas são dispostas horizontalmente, sendo a superior amarela e a inferior verde.O Hino Nacional da Guiné-Bissau é Esta é a Nossa Patria Amada.A divisa da Guiné-Bissau é Unidade, Luta, Progresso. Translated:Constitution of the Republic of Guinea-BissauChapter 1 From fundamentals to objectivesArticle 2: The Guinea-Bissau National Flag shall consist of three stripes bands with the same surface, one being red arranged vertically and marked with a black star. The other two are arranged horizontally, the upper one being yellow and the lower one being green.The National Anthem of Guinea-Bissau is This is Our Beloved Country. Guinea-Bissau's currency is Unity, Struggle, Progress.The second constitution of the Republic of Guinea Bissau dates from 16 May 1984. Chapter 1, Article 22 describes the national symbols as follows:Constituição da República da Guiné-BissauTítulo I Princípios fundamentais Da natureza e fundamentos do Estado Artigo 22º:1. Os símbolos nacionais da República da Guiné-Bissau são a Bandeira, as Armas e o Hino.2. A Bandeira Nacional da República da Guiné-Bissau é formada por três faixas rectangulares, de cor vermelha, em posição vertical, e amarela e verde, em posição horizontal, respectivamente do lado superior e do lado inferior direitos. A faixa vermelha é marcada com uma estrela negra de cinco pontas.3. As Armas da República da Guiné-Bissau consistem em duas palmas dispostas em círculo, unidas pela base, onde assenta uma concha amarela, e ligadas por uma fita em que se inscreve o lema «UNIDADE LUTA PROGRESSO». Na parte central superior insere-se uma estrela negra de cinco pontas. Translated:Constitution of the Republic of Guinea-BissauTitle I Fundamental principles Of the nature and fundamentals of the State Article 22: 1. The national symbols of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau are the Flag, the Arms and the Anthem.2. The National Flag of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau is formed by three rectangular bands, red, in a vertical position, and yellow and green, in a horizontal position, respectively on the upper and lower right sides. The red band is marked with a black five-pointed star.3. The Arms of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau consist of two palms arranged in a circle, joined by the base, on which a yellow shell rests, and connected by a ribbon inscribed with the motto “UNIT LUTA PROGRESSO”. A black five-pointed star is inserted in the upper central part.As far as I am aware there is no further legislation into the national symbols. Only the Penal Law from 13 October, 1993 protects them against wrong use. It was published in : Boletim oficial, Suplemento, nº 41, 13 October, 1993. It reads:Decreto-Lei nº 4/93, de 13 de Outubro. Código PenalTítulo VII - Dos crimes contra a seguranca do Estado Artigo 224º: (Ultraje de símbolos nacionais)Quem, publicamente, por palavras, gestos ou divulgações de escrito, ou por outro meio de comunicação com público, ultrajar a República, a bandeira ou hino nacional, as armas ou emblemas da soberania guineense ou faltar ao respeito que lhe é devido, é punido com prisão até três anos. Translated:Decree-Law No. 4/93, of 13 October. Penal CodeTitle VII - Crimes against State securityArticle 224: (Outrage of national symbols) Anyone who, publicly, by words, gestures or written disclosures, or by other means of communication with the public, outrages the Republic, the national flag or anthem, the weapons or emblems of Guinean sovereignty or fails to respect due to him, is punished up to three years in prison.Jos Poels, 26 February 2018 Vertical hoisting Historical photo of late 1974 or 1975 showing the flag hanging from a wire/rope: Like a normally hoisted flag, it can bee seen from both sides — with the top to the viewer’s right hand (as the photo shows), on one side, and with the top to the viewer’s left hand, on the other António Martins, 13 Mar 2017 I suspect that there’s not really a fixed prescription and the only care is to have all flags (identical or not) turned to the same direction — this is especially relevant when said vertical hoisting (hanging) is done from a stretched rope or wire, not against/on a wall, and can thusly be seen from both sides (and this is, in my opinion, the proper, vexillologically informed way to deal with vertical hoisting at all). António Martins, 20 Mar 2017 Top to the right image by Željko Heimer, 20 March 2017 The protocol manual for the London 2012 Olympics [loc12], with info approved by each NOC, gives for Cape Verde a vertical flag that is simply the horizontal version turned 90 degrees clockwise. Ian Sumner, 10 Oct 2012 In the book História da Guiné e Ilhas de Cabo Verde, by PAIGC, 1974, the image on the cover is a vertical Guinean-Bissau flag (with a “leaner” star). The book does have only one image on the cover page, which is like the national flag in vertical position, with the difference that it has an irregular star, pointed to the top (of the image/book). Francisco Santos, 29 and 30 April 2003 Top to the left image by Željko Heimer, 20 March 2017 A photo on the book História da Guiné e Ilhas de Cabo Verde, by PAIGC, 1974, shows the assembly of Madina do Boé (place of the unilateral declaration of independence, 24 Sep. 1973) in the bush or jungle with lots of small flags and a large one in vertical position in a rope like clothes to dry. The main flag, and some small, are shown with the darker (the green) stripe to the right, which means we see the reverse side of the flag (it’s not a reversed image, because there are some bands with words that we can read). The photo is captioned «Bruna Amico © Gamma, Paris». With the examples of this book and Cabral’s poster, I wonder if there is trend or old habit to use the Bissau-Guinea flag in vertical position. Francisco Santos, 29 and 30 April 2003 Coat of arms image by Zoltan Horvath, 9 June 2024 The main element is a black star, that is part of traditional Pan-African symbolism, and is often referred to as the Black star of Africa. A seashell at the bottom unites two symmetrical olive branches. The seashell is symbolism for the location of the country on the west coast of Africa. The red scroll contains the national motto of Guinea-Bissau: "Unidade, Luta, Progresso". Zoltan Horvath, 9 June 2024

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The light blue colour on the Fijian flag refers to the Pacific Ocean: an invaluable economic resource for Fijians, particularly in the fisheries and tourism sector. The Union Jack in the canton is a reminder of the relations that still exist between Fiji and the United Kingdom. It should be noted that Fiji is part of the Commonwealth. The Fiji coat of arms, which is the central shield of the Fijian coat of arms, is located on the right-hand side of the flag on the windward side. He carries a cross of Red St. George in the centre surmounted by a golden leopard and four symbols illustrating the country, its natural resources and its values in the districts: sugar cane, coconut palm, dove and olive branch (symbols of peace) and banana diet.

In the book História da Guiné e Ilhas de Cabo Verde, by PAIGC, 1974, the image on the cover is a vertical Guinean-Bissau flag (with a “leaner” star). The book does have only one image on the cover page, which is like the national flag in vertical position, with the difference that it has an irregular star, pointed to the top (of the image/book). Francisco Santos, 29 and 30 April 2003

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Translated:Decree-Law No. 4/93, of 13 October. Penal CodeTitle VII - Crimes against State securityArticle 224: (Outrage of national symbols) Anyone who, publicly, by words, gestures or written disclosures, or by other means of communication with the public, outrages the Republic, the national flag or anthem, the weapons or emblems of Guinean sovereignty or fails to respect due to him, is punished up to three years in prison.Jos Poels, 26 February 2018

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Historical photo of late 1974 or 1975 showing the flag hanging from a wire/rope: Like a normally hoisted flag, it can bee seen from both sides — with the top to the viewer’s right hand (as the photo shows), on one side, and with the top to the viewer’s left hand, on the other António Martins, 13 Mar 2017

Last modified: 2024-07-13 by rob raeside Keywords: guinea bissau | Links: FOTW homepage | search | disclaimer and copyright | write us | mirrors image by Zoltan Horvath, 9 June 2024 About the flag Construction details Colors Adoption of flag Vertical hoisting Top to the right Top to the left Coat of arms President's flag See also: Variants and incorrect depictions of the national flag of Guinea Bissau Subnational flags Military flags Political flags Historical flags About the flag Yellow over green bicolour with red vertical stripe at hoist containing a black five-pointed star. Željko Heimer, 23 Oct 2001 The symbolism of this flag is inherited from the symbolism of Ghana, from which it comes: an arrangement of the pan-African colours with the black star of Africa added. Its proportions are, as in the party flag, 1:2. Jorge Candeias, 02 Nov 1999 Construction details image by Željko Heimer, 23 Oct 2001 The Album 2000 [pay00] says ≅1:2. The construction details are given, but since the overall ratio is approximate, the construction details are inevitably so. The two horizontal stripes are of the same size, of course, and the width of the vertical stripe is one third of the total length. The star appears to be inscribed in a circle with the center in the midpoint of the red stripe and of diameter equal to two units used on the scheme (i.e. 1/3 of hoist). Željko Heimer, 23 Oct 2001 I read somewhere in the 1st constitution of Guinea Bissau (or maybe in the Statutes of P.A.I.G.C.) that the three areas of the flag are to have the same area, saying nothing about the final ratio of the flag — therefore a, say, 2:3 ratio might be not really a mistaken depiction. António Martins, 26 Jul 2009 Colors The protocol manual for the London 2012 Olympics [loc12], with info approved by each NOC, gives for Guinea-Bissau PMS 032 red, 109 yellow, 355 green and black. Ian Sumner, 11 October 2012 I should say that some of these colors seem to me to be just too dark: PMS 032, for one, is British red, which is known to be darker than regular red, while PMS 109 is suitable for the national flag of Germany, knowingly “darker” than regular yellow. The green stripe of the national flag of Guinea-Bissau is noticeably brighter than the the green areas of the national flags of Brazil and Portugal (these three flags are easy to find flown along in coherent displays), which are known to be prescribed as dark green — so, PMS 355 seems okay. António Martins, 20 March 2017 The Presidency website has a page about national symbols with illustrations: https://www.presidencia.gw/sobre-a-guin%C3%A9-bissau-1 I haven’t found any governmental document about exact shade of colors.Zoltan Horvath, 9 June 2024 Other sources for colors:There is no official source that gives exact colors of the national flag; these are all approximate colors from these documented sources.The Flag Manual - Beijing 2008 gives Pantone colors: PMS 032 (red), PMS 355 (green), PMS 102 (yellow), and PMS Black.The Album des Pavillons 2000 [pay00] gives approximate color in Pantone and CMYK systems:Red: Pantone 186c, CMYK 0-90-80-5Yellow: Pantone 116c, CMYK 0-15-95-0Green: Pantone 355c, CMYK 100-0-90-0The Album des Pavillons 2023 already specifies the color of the flags in three color systems.Red: Pantone 186c, CMYK 14-100-79-4, RGB 200-16-46Yellow: Pantone 116c, CMYK 0-21-93-0, RGB 255-204-0Green: Pantone 355c, CMYK 84-12-100-1, RGB 0-149-48 Vexilla Mundi gives colors in Pantone system: PMS 116C (yellow), PMS 355C (green), PMS 186C (red), and PMS Black.Wikipedia gives color values as follows:Black: Pantone Black c, CMYK 0-0-0-1, RGB 0-0-0, Hex #000000Red: Pantone 032c, CMYK 0-0.92-0.82-0.19, RGB 206-17-38, Hex #CE1126Yellow: Pantone 109c, CMYK 0-0.17-0.91-0.01, RGB 252-209-22, Hex #FCD116Green: Pantone 355c, CMYK 1-0-0.54-0.38, RGB 0-158-73, Hex #009E49 Flag Color Codes gives the following color values: Red: Hex. # EF3340, RGB 239-51-64, CMYK 0-90-76-0, Pantone 032, RAL 3024 Yellow: Hex. # FFD100, RGB 255-209-0, CMYK 0-5-100-0, Pantone 109, RAL 2007 Green: Hex. # 009739, RGB 0-151-57, CMYK 93-0-100-0, Pantone 355, RAL 6037 Black: Hex. # 000000, RGB 0-0-0, CMYK 0-0-0-100, Pantone Black, RAL 9005 Zoltan Horvath, 9 June 2024 Adoption of flag The Independence of Guinea Bissau was proclaimed by the National Assembly, which was basically appointed by the Partido Africano para a Independência da Guiné e Cabo-Verde (PAIGC), the independence party which not only fought for independence from Portugal for Guinea Bissau from Portugal, but also for Cape Verde (Cabo Verde).The same day [23 September 1973] as the proclamation of independence, the National Assembly proclaimed the (first) Constitution of the Republic of Guinea Bissau. It was published in the very first edition of the Boletim official República da Guiné-Bissau, (Government Gazette), of 4 January 1975. Chapter 1, Article 2 describes the flag and other symbols as follows: Constituição da República da Guiné-BissauCapítulo 1 Dos fundamentos o objectivos Artigo 2º: A Bandeira Nacional da Guiné-Bissau é constituída por três bandas com a mesma superfície, sendo uma vermelha disposta verticalmente e marcada com uma estrela negra. As outras duas são dispostas horizontalmente, sendo a superior amarela e a inferior verde.O Hino Nacional da Guiné-Bissau é Esta é a Nossa Patria Amada.A divisa da Guiné-Bissau é Unidade, Luta, Progresso. Translated:Constitution of the Republic of Guinea-BissauChapter 1 From fundamentals to objectivesArticle 2: The Guinea-Bissau National Flag shall consist of three stripes bands with the same surface, one being red arranged vertically and marked with a black star. The other two are arranged horizontally, the upper one being yellow and the lower one being green.The National Anthem of Guinea-Bissau is This is Our Beloved Country. Guinea-Bissau's currency is Unity, Struggle, Progress.The second constitution of the Republic of Guinea Bissau dates from 16 May 1984. Chapter 1, Article 22 describes the national symbols as follows:Constituição da República da Guiné-BissauTítulo I Princípios fundamentais Da natureza e fundamentos do Estado Artigo 22º:1. Os símbolos nacionais da República da Guiné-Bissau são a Bandeira, as Armas e o Hino.2. A Bandeira Nacional da República da Guiné-Bissau é formada por três faixas rectangulares, de cor vermelha, em posição vertical, e amarela e verde, em posição horizontal, respectivamente do lado superior e do lado inferior direitos. A faixa vermelha é marcada com uma estrela negra de cinco pontas.3. As Armas da República da Guiné-Bissau consistem em duas palmas dispostas em círculo, unidas pela base, onde assenta uma concha amarela, e ligadas por uma fita em que se inscreve o lema «UNIDADE LUTA PROGRESSO». Na parte central superior insere-se uma estrela negra de cinco pontas. Translated:Constitution of the Republic of Guinea-BissauTitle I Fundamental principles Of the nature and fundamentals of the State Article 22: 1. The national symbols of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau are the Flag, the Arms and the Anthem.2. The National Flag of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau is formed by three rectangular bands, red, in a vertical position, and yellow and green, in a horizontal position, respectively on the upper and lower right sides. The red band is marked with a black five-pointed star.3. The Arms of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau consist of two palms arranged in a circle, joined by the base, on which a yellow shell rests, and connected by a ribbon inscribed with the motto “UNIT LUTA PROGRESSO”. A black five-pointed star is inserted in the upper central part.As far as I am aware there is no further legislation into the national symbols. Only the Penal Law from 13 October, 1993 protects them against wrong use. It was published in : Boletim oficial, Suplemento, nº 41, 13 October, 1993. It reads:Decreto-Lei nº 4/93, de 13 de Outubro. Código PenalTítulo VII - Dos crimes contra a seguranca do Estado Artigo 224º: (Ultraje de símbolos nacionais)Quem, publicamente, por palavras, gestos ou divulgações de escrito, ou por outro meio de comunicação com público, ultrajar a República, a bandeira ou hino nacional, as armas ou emblemas da soberania guineense ou faltar ao respeito que lhe é devido, é punido com prisão até três anos. Translated:Decree-Law No. 4/93, of 13 October. Penal CodeTitle VII - Crimes against State securityArticle 224: (Outrage of national symbols) Anyone who, publicly, by words, gestures or written disclosures, or by other means of communication with the public, outrages the Republic, the national flag or anthem, the weapons or emblems of Guinean sovereignty or fails to respect due to him, is punished up to three years in prison.Jos Poels, 26 February 2018 Vertical hoisting Historical photo of late 1974 or 1975 showing the flag hanging from a wire/rope: Like a normally hoisted flag, it can bee seen from both sides — with the top to the viewer’s right hand (as the photo shows), on one side, and with the top to the viewer’s left hand, on the other António Martins, 13 Mar 2017 I suspect that there’s not really a fixed prescription and the only care is to have all flags (identical or not) turned to the same direction — this is especially relevant when said vertical hoisting (hanging) is done from a stretched rope or wire, not against/on a wall, and can thusly be seen from both sides (and this is, in my opinion, the proper, vexillologically informed way to deal with vertical hoisting at all). António Martins, 20 Mar 2017 Top to the right image by Željko Heimer, 20 March 2017 The protocol manual for the London 2012 Olympics [loc12], with info approved by each NOC, gives for Cape Verde a vertical flag that is simply the horizontal version turned 90 degrees clockwise. Ian Sumner, 10 Oct 2012 In the book História da Guiné e Ilhas de Cabo Verde, by PAIGC, 1974, the image on the cover is a vertical Guinean-Bissau flag (with a “leaner” star). The book does have only one image on the cover page, which is like the national flag in vertical position, with the difference that it has an irregular star, pointed to the top (of the image/book). Francisco Santos, 29 and 30 April 2003 Top to the left image by Željko Heimer, 20 March 2017 A photo on the book História da Guiné e Ilhas de Cabo Verde, by PAIGC, 1974, shows the assembly of Madina do Boé (place of the unilateral declaration of independence, 24 Sep. 1973) in the bush or jungle with lots of small flags and a large one in vertical position in a rope like clothes to dry. The main flag, and some small, are shown with the darker (the green) stripe to the right, which means we see the reverse side of the flag (it’s not a reversed image, because there are some bands with words that we can read). The photo is captioned «Bruna Amico © Gamma, Paris». With the examples of this book and Cabral’s poster, I wonder if there is trend or old habit to use the Bissau-Guinea flag in vertical position. Francisco Santos, 29 and 30 April 2003 Coat of arms image by Zoltan Horvath, 9 June 2024 The main element is a black star, that is part of traditional Pan-African symbolism, and is often referred to as the Black star of Africa. A seashell at the bottom unites two symmetrical olive branches. The seashell is symbolism for the location of the country on the west coast of Africa. The red scroll contains the national motto of Guinea-Bissau: "Unidade, Luta, Progresso". Zoltan Horvath, 9 June 2024

Fiji flagmeaning

The Independence of Guinea Bissau was proclaimed by the National Assembly, which was basically appointed by the Partido Africano para a Independência da Guiné e Cabo-Verde (PAIGC), the independence party which not only fought for independence from Portugal for Guinea Bissau from Portugal, but also for Cape Verde (Cabo Verde).The same day [23 September 1973] as the proclamation of independence, the National Assembly proclaimed the (first) Constitution of the Republic of Guinea Bissau. It was published in the very first edition of the Boletim official República da Guiné-Bissau, (Government Gazette), of 4 January 1975. Chapter 1, Article 2 describes the flag and other symbols as follows: Constituição da República da Guiné-BissauCapítulo 1 Dos fundamentos o objectivos Artigo 2º: A Bandeira Nacional da Guiné-Bissau é constituída por três bandas com a mesma superfície, sendo uma vermelha disposta verticalmente e marcada com uma estrela negra. As outras duas são dispostas horizontalmente, sendo a superior amarela e a inferior verde.O Hino Nacional da Guiné-Bissau é Esta é a Nossa Patria Amada.A divisa da Guiné-Bissau é Unidade, Luta, Progresso.

A photo on the book História da Guiné e Ilhas de Cabo Verde, by PAIGC, 1974, shows the assembly of Madina do Boé (place of the unilateral declaration of independence, 24 Sep. 1973) in the bush or jungle with lots of small flags and a large one in vertical position in a rope like clothes to dry. The main flag, and some small, are shown with the darker (the green) stripe to the right, which means we see the reverse side of the flag (it’s not a reversed image, because there are some bands with words that we can read). The photo is captioned «Bruna Amico © Gamma, Paris». With the examples of this book and Cabral’s poster, I wonder if there is trend or old habit to use the Bissau-Guinea flag in vertical position. Francisco Santos, 29 and 30 April 2003

The main element is a black star, that is part of traditional Pan-African symbolism, and is often referred to as the Black star of Africa. A seashell at the bottom unites two symmetrical olive branches. The seashell is symbolism for the location of the country on the west coast of Africa. The red scroll contains the national motto of Guinea-Bissau: "Unidade, Luta, Progresso". Zoltan Horvath, 9 June 2024

The protocol manual for the London 2012 Olympics [loc12], with info approved by each NOC, gives for Guinea-Bissau PMS 032 red, 109 yellow, 355 green and black. Ian Sumner, 11 October 2012

The Fijian flag consists of a light blue background with the Union Jack flag in its upper left corner and the country's crest on the right. It is one of the symbols of the Republic of the Fiji Islands, an Oceania country composed of 322 islands located in the South Pacific.

The symbolism of this flag is inherited from the symbolism of Ghana, from which it comes: an arrangement of the pan-African colours with the black star of Africa added. Its proportions are, as in the party flag, 1:2. Jorge Candeias, 02 Nov 1999

I read somewhere in the 1st constitution of Guinea Bissau (or maybe in the Statutes of P.A.I.G.C.) that the three areas of the flag are to have the same area, saying nothing about the final ratio of the flag — therefore a, say, 2:3 ratio might be not really a mistaken depiction. António Martins, 26 Jul 2009

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